湖南践行国学公益基金会2016年专项审计报告

   X - ?????? ???

  Household income

   ?????? ??? ?? ???? - Y-???? ???

x - ???? ?????? ??? ???
f(x) - ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???
f:X -> Y - ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????

百度 从投资结构来看，中国人寿加大了固定收益类资产配置，并适度增加了股票投资。

???? ??? ????? (?????) ???? ???(????) ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? f(x) ? ???? "?? ?? ???" ??? ? ??? ????? ?????

???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????

????? ????? ????? ???? ???-????? ???? ????? (X, Y, F) ??? ??? ????? X ??????? ???, Y ???? ???, ?? F ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? (a, b) ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? a ??????? ??? ????? ???? b ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?:X→Y ??? ? ????? ???? X ??? Y ???? ??? ???? f ? X ? ???? ? Y ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????

??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? $y=x^{2}$ ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????

$\left(\mathbb {R} ,\mathbb {R} ,\left\{\left(x,x^{2}\right):x\in \mathbb {R} \right\}\right)$,

?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????

???	??? ???	?????	???	???? (?? ?????)
${\begin{aligned}f\colon \mathbb {R} &\to \mathbb {R} \\x&\mapsto \ 2x\end{aligned}}$	${\begin{aligned}\ f(x)=\ 2x\end{aligned}}$	x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 … $y$ 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 …

?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????

• ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? (????) ?????
• ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? (?????) ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? (??? ???? ???) ?????
• ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? { (x, f(x) }????? ??? ????? ??? ?????

???? f(x) = 2x? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? 5 ????? ??? 10 ????? f(5) = 10.?

f(x) = 2x ? ??? ??? ???? (?? ?????) ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? (???? ?????) ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? (??? ?????) ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????

???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? (???? ???? ???? ???) ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???...

?????? ????

?? ????? ????

???? ????? g(f(x)) ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? x ? ????? ???? f(x) ??????? ????? f(x) ??? ??? ????? ??? g(f(x))? ???? ???? ??????

?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ?: X → Y ?? g: Y → Z ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ? ??? x ? ??? ???? y = ?(x) ??????? ??? ????? g ??? ??? y ??? ???? z = g(y) ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????

${\begin{aligned}g\circ f\colon X&\to Z\\x&\mapsto g(f(x)).\end{aligned}}$

??? ???? ???

$(g\circ f)(x)=g(f(x)).\$ ? ???? ?? ?g ?????? ??????

????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ? ?g ????? ?g ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????

?(x) = x² ?? g(x) = x+1 ????

g(?(x)) = x²+1, ?? ?g ???? ?????

?(g(x)) = (x+1)² = x²+2x+1, ?g ?? ???? ?????

??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????

??? ?????

?? ????? ??? ?????

????? ? ?? ??? ?^–1. ????? ? ??? a ? ? 3 ????????, ??? ?^–1 3 ? ? a ??????.

????? ? ? X ?? Y ??????? ???? ? ? ??? ????? ?^?1, ????? ???? Y ? ?? X, ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????

??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???

???? ????? ? ???? ????? C ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? F ????, ??? ????? ??? ?^?1. ???? ???? ??????? F ?? ????? C ??? ???? ??? ???

${\begin{aligned}f(C)&={\frac {9}{5}}C+32\\f^{-1}(F)&={\frac {5}{9}}(F-32)\end{aligned}}$

???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? (??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ???????)? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????

??? ????? ???

?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? (??????) ?????? ???

?????? ?????

?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? (????) 4 ???? ??? ???? ???? (????) ?? ?????? ???????? ?4 ?????? ??????

??.	????	???? ??	????	??? ???/??? ???	???	???? ???	????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????
1	$f\colon \,P\rightarrowtail C$	? $P$ ?? $C$ ??? ????? (??????? ???)		≤ 1	??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???-????? ????? ???? C ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? P ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????	$\forall x\in P,$ $\forall y\in P,$ $[f(x)=f(y)]\Rightarrow [x=y]\,$	$c^{\underline {p}}$
2	$f\colon \,P\twoheadrightarrow C$	? $P$ ?? $C$ ??? ????? ( ??????? ???)		≥ 1	??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???-????? ????? ??? C ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? P ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???????-??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????	$\forall y\in C,$ $\exists x\in P,\ f(x)=y$	${c!}\left\{{\begin{matrix}p\\c\end{matrix}}\right\}$
3	$f\colon \,P\;\operatorname {\leftrightarrow } \;C$ $f\colon \,P\;\operatorname {\rightleftarrows } \;C$ $f\colon \,P\;\,\operatorname {\twoheadrightarrow \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\;\;\rightarrowtail } \;C$	?$P$ ?? $C$ ??? ???? ????? (??????? ?? ? ??)		=1	??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????-????? ????? ??? C ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? P ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???????-??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???	$\forall y\in C,$ $\exists !\ x\in P,\ f(x)=y$	$C!$
4	$f\colon \,P\ C$	???? ?????		? ?????	??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????	?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????	$C^{P}$ - ???? ???

???? ????

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• (??????) x???????, ??????? ???
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• (??????)????? ????? ??? Archived ????? 30, 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
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